Zygaenidae

The Zygaenids are day-flying iridescent moths, distributed around the world (see the Cistus Forester in the Moths of Derbyshire part 1 section of the site).

Pollanisus viridipulverulenta

p
Para Wirra RP, Adelaide Hills
This beautiful little species is common across most of Australia, wherever Hibbertia spp grow.

pv

 

 

Ennominae

The moths in this family are characteristically broad, flat moths which often mimic foliage or bark superbly.

Ectropis excursaria

ex
This species closely resembles several other common Ennominae in the Adelaide Hills.  They have a speckled greyish-brown colouration with fine black and brown lines. The female shown here is rather pale with faint black markings.

The very similar E.bispinaria differs in having a smoothly-curved black line on the hindwings and different antennae.  To my knowledge, it is unrecorded from South Australia.

E.excursaria is common across southern Australia, especially in the south-east where it is a familiar moth in suburban Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney.

 

 

Gastrinodes bitaeniaria (Ennominae)

gb
This medium-sized geometrid is native to south-eastern Australia, where its larvae feed on Eucalyptus species.

The heavy, black, wavy cross-lines on the wings, bordered underneath by brown cross-lines are distinctive in this species, altbough the general pattern is much like many other Ennominae.

 

 

Idiodes apicata

io

ia
Mottled form

This medium-sized leaf-shaped moth is very distinctive - the overall pale brown colour with an orange-brown thin stripe across the wings allow it to be easily recognised.  The third photo shows the mottled form of the moth, which occurs frequently and has a dark, instead of orange, central line.

I.apicata is found across the southern half of Australia, where its larvae feed on Bracken.

ia

 

 

Exesaria of Guenee (Ennominae)

ex
According to Ted Edwards (pers.communication, 2008), this distinctive species remains incompletely described, although well-known.  In some sources, it is known as Tephrosia exesaria but most authorities consider that it belongs to an as-yet-undescribed genus.

Its pattern of four wavy, rather dotted, black cross-lines on a pale grey background helps to identify it.

 

 

Nisista serrata

ns
Although rather drab in overall colouration, this small moth can be confidently identified in the Adelaide Hills by its serrated trailing edge to the wings (hence the scientific name).

Its larvae feed on Acacias, and the species can be found across southern Australia.

ns

 

 

Scioglyptis canescaria

sc
This distinctive member of the Ennominae is characterised by a wavy black central line, below which is a much paler band on the hindwings.  On the forewings, this pale band is reduced to a thin but distinct line that mirrors the contours of the central black line.

This species is widespread across southern Australia.

 

 

Geometrinae

This family includes the Emeralds - a group of beautiful, medium-sized, bright green Geometrids.  Several similar species are found in the Adelaide Hills.

Chlorocoma assimilis

ca

ca
This lovely species is widespread in Australia and is recorded from every state except the Northern Territory.  Its larvae feed on Acacia species.

C.assimilis can be recognise by the pale green, unmarked wings with a yellow leading and trailing edge.  The thorax also has a yellow line down its centre.

cl

 

 

Chlorocoma externa

cl
This attractive species can be recognised by the single dark red spot in the centre of each wing.  The edges of the wings are also pale yellow with a wine-red fringe.  Unlike C.assimilis, there is no stripe down the throax and abdomen.

C.externa is widespread in south-eastern Australia, where its larvae feed on the parasitic plant Exocarpos cuppressiformis.

us

 

 

Prasinocyma semicrocea (Common Gum Emerald)

ps
A widespread and often common species of southern Australia, this attractive species can be recognised by the two wavy white lines on its otherwise unmarked wings.  The leading edges of the wings are buff-coloured and the trailing edges are fringed with red and a margin of pale hairs.  The hindwings are slightly angled.

ps
 

 

 

Prasinocyma albicosta

ac

 

Text to follow soon.

 

 

Crypsiphona ocultaria

co

 

One of the commonest moths in Australia, this species can often be seen resting on walls during the day.  Its pale speckled upper wings contrast with the striking red and black banded underside.

co

 

 

Austroterpna paratorna

aa
The prominent black thin-lined pattern helps identify this species, although other Austroterpna species are similar black-lined, grey moths.

This species is widespread in south-eastern Australia.

 

Rhinodia rostraria (Ennominae)

rr
This moth rests in a butterfly-like position, with the wings held vertically, rather than horizontally, like many Ennominae.  It is a dull, pale brown colour, but with attractive dotted markings which follow the contours of several broken, darker bands on the wings.  The wings have characteristically scalloped margins.

R.rostraria is widespread in Australia and recorded in all states except the Northern Territory.

rr
underwing markings (female - note the eggs laid in the container)

 

 


Upper wing markings

Oenochrominae

Oenochroma vinaria (Pink-bellied Moth)

ec

 

ov

ov

This abundant and colourful moth is widespread in Australia.  Its distinctive yellow-lined pattern and fuchsia-pink colouring make it one of the easiest Australian moths to identify.

The larvae feed on various plants in the Proteaceae family.

ov

ov

 

 

Taxeotis intextata

ti

 

Taxeotis is an incompletely described genus of mostly similar-looking grey-brown moths.  The boundaries between individual species are uncertain, so it can be difficult to assign observed specimens to a given species.  T.intextata is a tentative identification here.

 

 

Dichromodes explanata

de

 

As with Taxeotis, Dichromodes is an incompletely defined genus.  These moths often have distinctive toothed bands across the wings.

 

 

Dichromodes sp (diffusaria or explanata)

dc

 

Photographed at Alligator Gorge, Mt Remarkable NP.

 

 

Dichromodes sp

dc

 

Currently unidentified!

 

 

Taxeotis stereospila

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Text to follow soon.

 

 

Dichromodes sp

d

 

Currently unidentified!

 

 

Larentiinae

Chrysolarentia insulata

mm
Para Wirra RP, Adelaide Hills
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Anachloris subochraria

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Anachloris uncinata

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Chloroclystis filata

cf

cf

 

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Chloroclystis testulata

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Chloroclystis sp (currently unidentified)

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Text coming soon!

cl2

cls

 

 

Epyaxa subidaria

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Phrissogonus laticostata

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male

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female

Text coming soon!

 

 

Xanthorrhoe sp (currently unidentified)

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underside view
 

 

 

 


Sterrhinae

Scoparia rubra

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Lasiocampidae

Doratifera quadriguttata

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Text coming soon.

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Anthelidae

There are over 50 Anthela species in Australia, and A.ocellata is a common and widespread member of the genus.

Anthela ocellata

ac

 

Text to follow soon.

ac
Anthela ocellata showing threat / defence posture.

 

 

Saturniidae

The Saturniidae, or Emperor Moths as they are commonly known, is a family of large, often spectacular moths with a worldwide distribution.  There are only 15 species in Australia, of which the Helena Gum Moth is the most common in South Australia.  The Saturniid family contains some of the largest moths in the world.

Opodiphthera helena (Helena Gum Moth)

h

 

hg

hd

Text coming soon.

wd

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g

 

 

 

 

Sphingidae

The Hawk Moths are distinctive, fast-flying moths with a world-wide distribution.  South Australia has very few species, and Australia as a whole has relatively few.

 

Hippotion scrofa

hs

hs

 

This is the other common hawk moth in South Australia.  It is rather plainly-coloured, with a brown body and wings and orange flashes on the hindwings.  H.scrofa is a very common species over all of Australia and is also found in south-east Asia.

hs

hs

 

 

Lymantriidae

The Tussock Moths are conspicuous with their furry bodies and legs.  The larvae are even more spectacularly hairy, and some species can cause skin rashes when handled, whilst others are serious pests as their larvae stay in voracious bands that can defoliate whole shrubs.  When handled, the adults often play dead and display the hairy abdomen, which is often brightly coloured.

Acyphas leucomelas

al

 

Text to follow soon.

ac
Adult 'playing dead'

 

 

Arctiidae

The Arctiids are typically boldly-marked moths, and include the well-known tiger moths.  Many are active by day as well as night.

Utethesia pulchelloides

ut

 

Text to follow soon!

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Spilosoma glatignyi

spl

av

 

This handsome moth is common across all of southern Australia.  As the photos show, the extent of black and white can vary markedly.

sg

 

 

Nyctemera amica (Magpie Moth)

mm

mm

 

One of relatively few Australian moths with a well-established common name, the Magpie Moth is active by day and night.  It can be seen across a large part of Australia.

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Termessa diplographa

td

 

Termessa is a genus endemic to Australia.  There are at least twelve species, all of which have characteristic orange and black banded wings.

tr

 

 

 

Termessa shepherdi

ts

 

Photographed at Alligator Gorge, Mt Remarkable National Park, Southern Flinders Ranges. 

T.shepherdii is widely distributed across temperate south-eastern Australia.

 

 

Thallarcha partita

tp

 

Similar to Termessa, Thallarcha is also a genus endemic to Australia.  It is restricted to the south-east of the country, and there are about 30 species.

 

 

Nolidae

Aquita tactalis

at

 

There are only two Aquita species.  A.tactalis is common across southern Australia.  This genus and several related ones have unusual 'knobbly' scale tufts on their wings.

Thanks to Dave Britton for the information and identification.

at

 

 

Nolidae sp 1

no

 

Although similar to Aquita tactalis above, this moth is a different species, but there are several it could be, from different families, so its identity may remain a mystery!

Thanks to Dave Britton for the information.

 

 

Nolidae sp 2

nl

 

Currently unidentified.

nl2

 

 

Noctuidae

The Noctuids are the largest family of Lepidoptera in the world.  They are very diverse on colour and shape, but many have the characteristic kidney-mark on the wings, as well as thin antennae in males and females.  In Australia, this family includes the well-known Bogong Moth (see below), and several economically important pests of agriculture.

Agrotis infusa (Bogong Moth) (Noctuinae)

ag 

 

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Agrotis munda (Noctuinae)

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am

 

A very common noctuid across Australia, this species is a serious pest of crops in some areas.

am

 

 

Agrotis porphyricolla (Noctuniae)

ap

 

Identification unconfirmed.

n

 

 

Diarsia intermixta (Noctuniae)

di

 

Identification unconfirmed.

n1

 

 

Proteuxoa sanguinipunctata (Amphipyrinae)

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Text to follow soon!

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Spodoptera exigua (Amphipyrinae)

sp

 

This species is also an sporadic immigrant to southern Britain.

 

 

Hypoperigea tonsa (Amphipyrinae?)

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Text to follow soon.

 

 

Athetis tenuis (probably) (Amphipyrinae)

at

 

Text to follow soon.

 

 

 

Toracolopha flexirena (Amphipyrinae)

pr

pf

 

Identify unconfirmed.

pf

 

 

 

Chrysodeixis argentifera (Plusiinae)

cd

 

The bright silvery S-marks on the forewings (a large one and a small one nearer the trailing edge) make this common moth easy to identify.  It is recorded from every state in Australia as well as New Zealand and New Guinea. 

The common name of Tobacco Looper seems unusual, as the larvae ar enot recorded as feeding on Tobacco (Nicotiana) species.

ca

 

 

Chrysodeixis eriosoma (Plusiinae)

ce

 

This close cousin of C.argentifera (above) lacks the smaller silver S-mark found in that species.  McQuillan & Forrest (1985) state that C.eriosoma is less common near Adelaide than C.argentifera.

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Helicoverpa punctigera (Heliothiiinae)

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Text to follow soon.

 

 

Heliothis punctifera (Heliothiinae)

hp

hp

 

Common in the Adelaide Hills, this variable moth is endemic to Australia and is a serious pest of cotton and other crops.

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hp

 

 

Praxis edwardsii (Catocalinae)

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Text to follow soon.

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Dasypodia selenophora (Catocalinae)

ds

 

This large moth is easy to identify, thanks to the iridescent half-moon (hence the scientific name) markings on the forewing.  It is a common species across southern Australia and is also found in New Zealand.

Larvae feed on Acacia species and adults often hibernate over winter.

ds

ds

 

 

Diatenes aglossoides (Catocalinae)

da

 

Text to follow soon.

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Diatenes igneipicta (Catocalinae)

di

 

Text to follow soon!

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Pantydia sparsa (Catocalinae)

ps

ps

 

This attractive moth is widespread in temperate Australia, and is also found on Norfolk Island and in New Caledonia.

Pantydia is a small genus, with fewer than ten described Australian species. 

Thanks to Dave Britton for the identification.

tr

 

 

Persectania ewingii (Hadeninae)

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Text to follow soon.

 

 

Leucania diatrecta (Hadeninae)

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Text to follow soon.

 

 

Ochrogaster lunifer (Thaumetopoeidae)

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ol

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Text to follow soon.

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Odd defensive posture, spreading wings and curved abdomen.

 

 

Trichiocercus sparshallii (Thaumetopeidae)

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sp

 

Text to follow soon!

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Periscepta polysticta (Agaristinae)

ap

 

This moth is a strikingly marked day-flying species.  I photographed it at Hindmarsh Falls on the Fleurieu Peninsula.  They are restless moths, obviously with good eyesight, as it took an age to get one to stay still long enough for me to zoom in and photograph it!

 

 


 

Metaeomera mesotaenia (Acontiinae)

mm

 

Text to follow soon!

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Elusa semipecten

Image coming soon!

Elusa is a genus of uncertain affinity within the Noctuid superfamily.  Thanks to Ted Edwards for the identification.

 

 

'Micro-moths'

Pyralids

Hellula hydralis (Glaphyriinae)

hh

 

Text to follow soon!

 

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Uresiphita ornithopteralis (Tree Lucerne Moth) (Pyraustinae)

tl

 

Text to follow soon!

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Achyra affinitalis (Pyraustinae)

aa

 

Text to follow soon!

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Gauna aegusalis (Pyralinae)

ga

ga

 

Text to follow soon!

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Nacoleia sp (Pyraustinae)

nc

 

Currently unidentified!

 

nl

nac
a different specimen - perhaps a different species, with more extensive white markings?

 

 

Ocrasa acerasta (Pyralinae)

oa

 

Text to follow soon!

oc

 

 

 

Sedenia atracta (Pyraustinae)

sa

 

Text to follow soon!

 

 

 

Crepidosceles exanthema (Oecophorinae)

ce

 

Identification unconfirmed!

 

 

 

Euchaetis rhizobola (Oecophorinae)

ec

 

Text to follow soon!

 

dr

 

 

Philobota lysizona (Oecophorinae)

ly

 

Text coming soon!

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Etiella behrii (Phycitinae)

et

 

This small moth is very widespread, not just in Australia but also across much of Asia.  In some areas it is a pest of legumes such as soy beans.

 

et

 

 

Mimaglossa nauplialis (Epipaschinae)

mn

 

Identification unconfirmed!

mn

 

 

 


 

Meyriccia latro (Galleriinae)

ml

 

Text to follow soon!

 

 

 

Caterpillar 1

a

a
Alligator Gorge, Mt Remarkable NP, Flinders Ranges
Text to follow soon!

 

 

 

 

Stibaroma sp

st

 

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Melanodes anthracitaria

ml

ml
This striking, fairly large moth is easy to recognise, and the ony member of its genus.  Two forms are found - the one shown here and another with yellow bands on its wings, although I only ever saw the former in the Adelaide Hills.

Melanodes is found in all the eastern states of Australia.  The larve feed on various species of eucalypt.

ml

 

 

 

 

Unidentified species


Moth 1

mc

Text to follow soon!

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Moth 2

me

m2
 

Text to follow soon!

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Caterpillar 1

ct
Anstey Hill RP, Mount Lofty Ranges
Text to follow soon!

 

 

Caterpillar 2

am
Anstey Hill RP, Mount Lofty Ranges
Text to follow soon!

 

 

 

Cossidae

 

Endoxyla cinereus (Giant Wood Moth)

cv

 

Text coming soon!

The individual photographed here made a point of showing its red and black bands, which are only partially visible until the abdomen is flexed.  Perhaps it was mimicking a wasp.

cv

cvh

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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